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1352 - 1353 lbn Battuta, a celebrated
Moroccan traveller of the fourteenth century,
in 1351 crossed the Sahara to the Empire
of Male. He noted a high sense of justice
and an abhorrance of injustice (Davidson
1966)
c. 1380 Royal families in the Hausa states
were converted to Islam.
c.
1400 Rise of Songhay and new city states
in Hausaland (northern Nigeria) and in
Yorubaland and Benin.
1425 Portuguese
began sailing down the Atlanlic coast of
Africa, in 1483 they rnade contact with
the Angolan
kingdom of the Kongo people.
1450 - 1850 Europe
carried on a systematic trade in human
beings of such tremendous proportions that
the physical, economic, and moral effects
are still plainly observable throughout
the world. To this must be added
the large slave trade of Mohammedan lands,
which began in the seventh century and
continued almost un-checked until the end
of the 19th century. {Du Bois'1939)
c. 1475 Songhay superseded Mali as the
most powerful and important state in
the Western Sudan.
1486 Black slaves in India rebelled,
killed Path Shah. and set their leader
on the throne with the title Barbah Shah.
1493 Sugar cane was first planted
on the island of Hispanionia (Santo Domingo);
Brazil was the first to
recognise and develop the possibilities of sugar cane as a commercial
plantation crop produced by black slaves.
1500's The British, Dutch, Spanish and
Portuguese began trafficking Africans people
in the brutal Europen slave trade.
1502 Berbers and Moors in Spain driven
back into Afica.
1512 First Blacks brought to Cuba from
Spain.
1517 The granting of a charter to a Flemish
merchant for the exclusive importation
of African slaves into Spanish
America, by the Emperor Charles V, thus
definitely founding the slave trade. Garebood,
Mayordom of Charles
V, obtained a monopoly for the slave trade
for eight years and sold it for 25,000
ducados to Genoese merchants.
1519 Emperor Carlos I conceded first asiento
loLorenzodeGarrevod to transport 4,000
African slaves to
Espanola, San Juan, Cuba, Jamaica.
1518 Gold discovered in Jamaica.
1522 Slave revolt in Santo Domingo started
by slaves belonging to Diego Columbus,
the discoverer's son, then
governor of Santo Domingo.
1526 - 1589 Saint Benedict the Black,
born San Fratello, near Messina, Italy.
His African parents were slaves
of a rich landowner (Manasseri).
1532 First African slaves arrived in
Brazil.
1553 First British ships arrived in
Africa, and came in contact with Benin,
dealing in ivory, palm oil and other
goods.
1555 An English expedition to West Africa
returned with a cargo of 4000 Ibs of gold
and 250 ivory tusks, comfortably multiplying
its capital investment many times over.
Other English men quickly followed and
returned
with equally satisfactory results. In 1561
Queen Elizabeth herself invested in African
trade and made a £1000
profit on one voyage (Davidson 1966).
1562 Sir John Hawkins, first Englishman
who transported slaves from Africa to America,
obtained possession
of 3000 blacks by the sword and other means.
He proceeded directly to Hispaniola, exchanging
his cargo for
hides, ginger and sugar. The voyage was
very prosoerous and brought him great profit.
1600 - Queen Nzingha of Angola fights
the Portuguese and the enslavement of her
people.
1618 James I of England grained exclusive
charter to Sir Robert Rich and others to
organize stock company to
trade with Guinea.
1619
The British introduced the first Africans
(20) brought in a Dutch ship into Virginia..They
were not slaves.
They were stolen freemen. They were free
in Africa; free by the laws of Virginia.
By force and fraud they and their
children were gradually forced into slavery,
the legality of which was not fully recognized
for several decades.
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Black
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In History
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